Introduction
Production of deep-well pumps in Poland began at the Herzfeld and Victorius S.A. plant in Grudziądz in 1939. After more than 80 years of virtually uninterrupted production, Hydro-Vacuum S.A is still an unrivaled Polish leader in the production of deep-well pumps satisfying the needs of about 70% of industrial customers in Poland. G-series deep-well pumps have enjoyed a very good reputation at home and abroad for many years, in particular due to their massive construction, use of selected materials and high energy efficiency, which makes them very popular not only at water intakes in water supply plants, but also in the dewatering of lignite mines, where, due to the composition of the water, standard pump designs wore out very quickly.
Design solutions
Many years of experience in the production of 4 inch GAB pumps allowed to adapt the design to the needs and wallets of individual users punching wells for their own household needs in particular irrigation systems, which resulted in the introduction of GT series pumps with external diameters of 3 (GTB) and 3.5 inches (GTC). The design of GT pumps returned to the concept of building the flow system into the shell, which is also responsible for fusing the entire structure of the pump, so there is no need for tie straps. A similar solution was used in the GA series pumps produced between 1982 and 2000, however, at that time the jacket was made entirely of brass, which had a strong impact on the price of the pumps. The GT series pumps use a shell made of the highest quality stainless steel, while the internal flow components (impellers, vanes, discs, bearing housings) are made of plastic, which works very well for GA and GB series industrial pumps, while the discharge and suction bodies are made of brass making the pump entirely corrosion resistant while maintaining a low manufacturing cost.
Optimization of velocity field distribution in impeller and steering wheel of deep-well pumps using CFD numerical fluid mechanics methods
The flow systems of deep-well pumps are optimized using the latest CFD numerical fluid mechanics methods, so they achieve high efficiencies to reduce electricity consumption.
Impellers
As in the SK series self-priming pumps, the GT series uses "floating" impellers. The solution is that the impellers can move freely on the shaft without being mechanically stabilized.
GT pump step view
The rotor is held in the operating position by the interaction of the hydrodynamic axial force and the reaction force in the face gap, which is both the rotor seal and the axial plain bearing.
Step design and efficiency enhancing design solutions used in GT pump
This combination, in addition to simplifying the design, also makes it possible to maintain low internal losses and causes the entire axial force to be leveled within each stage and does not load the bearings in the electric motor. The rotor is made of plastic with high sliding properties and cooperates with a stainless steel slip ring, which ensures high durability of the bearing used. In addition, to reduce volumetric losses in the centripetal vanes, ceramic sealing rings are installed, which cooperate with the steel-rubber rotating rings, resulting in lower internal flow, translating into an additional increase in pump efficiency.
View of internal seal to reduce flow loss
Bearings
The rotating system is set on a shaped steel shaft, which eliminates the need for keyways, and is supported by radial bearings located in front of the first and behind the last stage. In addition, for pumps with a large number of stages, intermediate bearings are used. The radial bearing consists of a rubber sleeve seated in the bearing housing and a pan mounted on the shaft.
View of radial bearing with increased sand resistance
Because the GT series pumps are intended for individual wells, where there is often an increased sand content in the water, the bearing life was increased by using a high-hardness ceramic pan, whose strength is comparable to the hardened steel pan used in GA pumps.
Design of extended life radial bearing in GT pump
The pump shaft is driven by an electric motor with a NEMA-compliant tip, which makes the unit easily detachable.
In order to prevent elements that could clog the rotating system from entering the pump, the inlet to the pump is protected by an inlet screen, made of stainless steel. A mushroom valve is installed in the discharge body to keep water in the system during shutdown.
Drive
GT pumps are powered by single-phase or three-phase electric motors, whose design allows them to be doubled, which is in line with the European Parliament's recent resolutions on "longer product life cycles," fitting in with two main aspects of the resolution:- Designing solid, durable, high-quality products,
- Promoting the repairability and durability of products.
Complementary products
Professional water intake installations based on GT deep-well pumps should be equipped with a hydrophore tank and a pressure switch. Thanks to such a solution, the pump will turn on automatically when the pressure in the tank falls to the set minimum and turn off when the pressure in the tank at the level of the set maximum. This reduces the number of times the pump is turned on (each time the tap is turned on, the pump is not turned on - the water reserve from the tank is used), and thus protects the pump from too rapid wear. A water reserve of about 1/3 of its capacity is accumulated in the tank, which also gives the user the comfort of access to water in case of temporary power outages. To work with GT deep-well pumps, we recommend using HVP galvanised hydrophore tanks and Hydrophore tanks with membrane ZBOS, ZBOL, LCA pressure switches as well as Protection against dry running, which are components of efficiently operating water supply machines.
Wells drilled where the water table occurs at a depth of no more than approx. 8 m,
As well as dug wells with a similar level of the water table allow the use of extremely resistant,
resistant, durable and characterized by a very long service life surface self-priming pumps
manufactured by Hydro-Vacuum S.A. of the type SKA, SKB, SM and water vending machines based on them.
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